A Comprehensive Review on Modular Multilevel Converters, Submodule Topologies, and Modulation Techniques

The concept of the modular multilevel converter (MLC) has been raising interest in research order to improve their performance and applicability. potential an MLC is enormous, with a great focus on medium- high-voltage applications, such as solar photovoltaic wind farms, electrified railway systems, or power distribution systems. This makes it possible overcome limitation semiconductors blocking voltages, presenting advantageous characteristics. However, complexity implementation control presents added challenges. Thus, this paper aims contribute critical comparative analysis state-of-the-art aspects maximize its potential. In paper, different electronics topologies that can be integrated into are presented, highlighting advantages disadvantages each topology. Nevertheless, modulation techniques used also presented analyzed. Computational simulations all under were developed, based four cascaded full-bridge topologies. Considering simulation results, was make regarding symmetry synthesized waveforms, harmonic content, submodule constituting MLC.